![]() A location may, in rare cases, have more than one code assigned to it simultaneously.By convention, heliports are often assigned codes starting with J, though this is not mandatory.Codes for Canadian airports are normally (but not always) the same as the Transport Canada-assigned three-letter codes for the same location (see below for examples of exceptions).Codes for US airports are normally (but not always) the same as the FAA-assigned three-letter codes for the same location (see below for examples of exceptions).Codes are considered permanent, and are rarely reused a standard exception to this is when a new airport such as Denver or Munich is constructed to replace a city’s current airport, and the existing code for the previous airport is transferred.Codes may also be assigned to non-airport locations such as rail and bus stations and other "off-line points" (such codes normally start with Q, X or Z).In other cases, the first letter of an airport’s name is omitted and subsequent letters used (e.g., c ORK, w ILMington) Codes may also correspond to less obvious historical associations for a location (e.g., ORD, MCO). Wherever possible, IATA assigns codes which coincide with the first three letters of the location name (e.g., BOGota, SINgapore, SYDney) or at least with the first letter of the name.Approximately 50 combinations are reserved, and not available for assignment to airports (e.g., HDQ, QZX, ZZZ, etc).All codes are combinations of three letters (e.g., JFK).Main features of the IATA/ATA location identifier system are: Location IDs covering airports in the United States are assigned by IATA in conjunction with the Air Transport Association (ATA) - the trade organisation for the principal US airlines. IATA Resolution 763 states that all member airlines and CRSs shall use the location IDs published three times per year in the "Airline Coding Directory" principal applications are for ticketing, reservations and baggage handling, together with numerous other uses. Originally founded in 1919, it now groups together nearly 270 airlines which between them fly over 95 percent of all international scheduled air traffic. IATA’s stated mission is "to represent and serve the airline industry", and so its focus is on commercial air transport. IATA - International Air Transport Association However there are a number of important differences between the rules adopted by each of the systems.Ĥ. While many countries and other aeronautical agencies have in the past devised systems of identifiers for airports, airfields and other aviation-related facilities, there are four main systems in use today, two of them worldwide in scope and the other two specific to the USA and Canada.Īll four systems have the same aim - to provide an unambiguous means of referring to specific airports. It follows, therefore, that the industry has had to find some way of referring unambiguously to a specific airport, and this is normally done by using a location identifier. ![]() However there are a number of other airports around the capital which can legitimately claim to be a "London Airport" - and of course an airline serving London (Ontario) or London (Kentucky) will have yet another interpretation. ![]() ![]() For example, the term "London Airport" is generally understood to mean Heathrow Airport, located some 15 miles west of the UK’s capital city. Airports range widely in terms of size and facilities, and the terminology used to describe a specific airport can also vary depending on the context. ![]() The world’s scheduled airlines currently serve some 4,000 airports in around 200 countries and territories. The aim of this White Paper is to explain the various coding systems in use throughout the air transport industry for identifying locations, and to illustrate some of the strengths and weaknesses of the various systems used. ![]()
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